Presentation on COMPARISON OF DIFFERENT SOLAR CELL TECHNOLOGIES AND FIND A SOLUTION OF PRESENT POWER CRISIS IN BANGLADESH BY USING SOLAR CELL
OBJECTIVES- Study different solar cell technologies.
- Compare various solar cell as a parameter of cost and efficiency.
- Select better solar cell technology for Bangladesh.
- Propose a probable solution for present power crisis in Bangladesh from the viewpoint of our comparative study.
SOLAR CELL
A solar cell or photovoltaic cell is a device that converts light directly into electricity by the photovoltaic effect. Most notable feature of the solar photovoltaic system is the conversion of the solar energy into useful electrical energy. This process requires little maintenance because of its simplicity and there is no noise generated and also having advantage of little carbon emission for each unit of electric power generated.
HOW SOLAR CELL WORKS
A typical silicon PV cell is composed of a thin wafer consisting of an ultra –thin layer of phosphorus-doped (N-type) silicon on top of a thicker layer of boron-doped (P-type) silicon. An electric field is created near the top surface of the cell where these two materials are in contact, called the p-n junction.
HOW SOLAR CELLS ARE MADE
An ingot or block of silicon is formed, commonly using one of two methods:
- By growing a pure crystalline silicon ingot from a seed crystal drawn from the molten polysilicon
- By casting the molten polysilicon in a block, creating a polysilicon silicon material.
Solar cells are classified into three generations which indicates the order of which each became important. Three generations are:
- First generation
- Second generation
- Third generation
THEORETICAL ASPECTS
Photovoltaic effect
- Photogeneration of charge carriers
- Charge carrier separation
- P-N junction
Equivalent circuit of solar cell
- Energy conversion efficiency
- Thermodynamic efficiency limit
- Quantum efficiency
- Maximum power point
- Fill factor
SOLAR CELL TECHNOLOGIES
- Crystalline silicon solar cells
- Thin film solar cells
- Concentrators
- Electrochemical PV cells
LIGHT ABSORBING MATERIALS
- Bulk-Crystalline silicon
- Thin films-
Cadmium telluride solar cellCopper-Indium selenideGallium arsenide multijunctionLight absorbing dyesOrganic/polymer solar cellsSilicon thin filmsNanocrystalline solar cells
WORLD PV RESEARCH GROWTH
SOLAR IRRADIATION IN BANGLADESH
DATA COLLECTION
DATA COLLECTION
Efficiency of the solar cell:
Efficiency =output power/irradiance×area
- Here, irradiance=1000W/m2
- Area=0.3528m2
- Output power=40watt
- Efficiency=40/1000×0.3528=0.1133=11.33%
PROSPECTS FOR BANGLADESH
Gas consumption
COAL SECTOR
Solar energy
Bangladesh is situated between 20.30-26.38 degrees north latitude and 88.04-92.44 degrees east which is an ideal location for solar energy utilization. Daily average solar radiation varies between 4 to 6.5 KWh per square meter. Maximum amount of radiation is available on the month of March-April and minimum on December-January.
SHS INSTALLATION IN BANGLADESH
- Roof area in the Chittagong city=1602.81 acre
- 70% of this roof area=1121.967 acre
- We know that 1acre=4046.856 square meter
- So the equivalent area=454000000 square meter
- If 19.8% polycrystalline solar cell is used then power can be produced from this area=898.92MW
CALCULATION
- If we apply the calculation for only one building then we will get about 30 KW power from 19.8% polycrystalline solar cell.
- This costs about 8887500 taka and needs 237 solar panels for about 156 square meters.
After the end of this overall study we have come at a conclusion that expansion of solar cell power generation from rural areas to city dwellers is our main priority for reducing power crisis in Bangladesh.
