Controlled Rectifiers



LEARNING OBJECTIVES
  1. To understand the operation and characteristics of controlled rectifiers.
  2. To learn the types of controlled rectifiers
  3. To understand the performance parameters of controlled rectifiers.
  4. To learn the techniques for analysis and design of controlled rectifier circuits.
  5. To study effects of load inductance on the load current.
  6. To study Single-phase semi converter
  7. To study Single-phase dual converter
  8. To study Three-phase half-wave controller converter
  9. To study Three-phase full wave controller converter
  10. To study Three-phase dual converter
    INTRODUCTION
    Uncontrolled Rectifier (Natural Commutating Rectifier): Output voltage is constant if the input AC voltage (rms) is constant.
    Uncontrolled Rectifier
    Controlled Rectifier (Phase Controlled Rectifiers): Output voltage is can be varied by varying firing angle (α) even if input AC voltage (rms) is constant.
    Controlled Rectifier 
    Principles of phase-controlled converter operation
    Principles of phase-controlled converter operation Half Controlled Rectifier with R Load
    Half Controlled Rectifier with R Load
    Conduction angle=π-α
    Performance of Single-phase, half-wave controlled rectifiers with pure resistive load
    For the positive half cycle of input voltage, the thyristor T1 is forward biased and when the thyristor is fired at ωt = α, it conducts and the input voltage appears across the load. When the input voltage goes negative at ωt = π, the thyristor is reversed biased and it is turned off. The delay angle α, is defined as the time the input voltage starts to go positive to the time the thyristor is fired.
    {V_{dc}} = \frac{1}{{2\pi }}\int_\alpha ^\pi  {{V_m}} \sin \omega t{\rm{ }}d\left( {\omega t} \right) = \frac{{{V_m}}}{{2\pi }}\left[ { - \cos \omega t} \right]_\alpha ^\pi
    {\rm{Where, }}{V_{dm}} = \frac{{{V_m}}}{\pi }
    {V_{dc}} = \frac{{{V_m}}}{{2\pi }}\left( {1 + \cos \alpha } \right) = \frac{{\sqrt 2 {V_S}}}{{2\pi }}\left( {1 + \cos \alpha } \right)
    Where normalized output voltage,
    {V_n} = \frac{{{V_{dc}}}}{{{V_{dm}}}} = 0.5\left( {1 + \cos \alpha } \right)
    {V_{rms}} = {\left[ {\frac{1}{{2\pi }}\int_\alpha ^\pi  {V_m^2} {{\sin }^2}\omega t{\rm{ }}d\left( {\omega t} \right)} \right]^{\frac{1}{2}}}
                    = \frac{{{V_m}}}{2}{\left[ {\frac{1}{\pi }\left( {\pi  - \alpha  + \frac{{\sin 2\alpha }}{2}} \right)} \right]^{\frac{1}{2}}}
     
    previous Comparison of Controllable Power Electronic Devices
    next Performance Parameters of Rectifiers (Output dc side)

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